Ratnesh Porwal: August 2012

A domain name is an identification string that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control on the Internet. Domain names are formed by the rules and procedures of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Domain names are used in various networking contexts and application-specific naming and addressing purposes. In general, a domain name represents an Internet Protocol (IP) resource, such as a personal computer used to access the Internet, a server computer hosting a web site, or the web site itself or any other service communicated via the Internet.

Domain names are organized in subordinate levels (subdomains) of the DNS root domain, which is nameless. The first-level set of domain names are the top-level domains (TLDs), including the generic top-level domains (gTLDs), such as the prominent domains com, info, net and org, and the country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). Below these top-level domains in the DNS hierarchy are the second-level and third-level domain names that are typically open for reservation by end-users who wish to connect local area networks to the Internet, create other publicly accessible Internet resources or run web sites. The registration of these domain names is usually administered by domain name registrars who sell their services to the public

The power of the domain name lies in that it gives a website its own unique web address where it could be found at and associated with. Let’s take for example your brick and mortar store, if it is located in an easy-to-find place and your clients know how to reach it - they will surely come and visit you. If it is not easy for them to follow the way to your site, then no advertising method will be able to bring them there.

This is why, if you have come up with the idea to have your own website, the first thing that you do need to think of is how you will name it. In other words, you will have to think of choosing a suitable domain for your site. For that purpose you will have to know what your site will be for, whether it will represent your personal or business profile, and what audience it will be intended for. When you have all that in mind - finding the right software and web hosting service for creating and putting your website online will be an easy task

Below mentioned is a listing of Domain name Extensions for more than 200 Countries:

.ad	Andorra
.ae	United Arab Emirates
.af	Afghanistan
.ag	Antigua and Barbuda
.ai	Anguilla (U.K.)
.al	Albania
.am	Armenia
.an	Antilles (Netherlands)
.ao	Angola
.aq	Antarctica
.ar	Argentina
.arpa	Advanced Projects Research Agency
.at	Austria
.au	Australia
.aw	Aruba (Netherlands)
.az	Azerbaijan
.ba	Bosnia-Hertsegovina
.bb	Barbados
.bd	Bangladesh
.be	Belgium
.bf	Burkina Faso
.bg	Bulgaria
.bh	Bahrain
.bi	Burundi
.bj	Benin
.bm	Bermuda
.bn	Brunei Darussalam
.bo	Bolivia
.br	Brazil
.bs	Bahamas
.bt	Bhutan
.bv	Bouvet Island
.bw	Botswana
.by	Belarus
.bz	Belize
.ca	Canada
.cc	Cocos Keeling Islands
.cf	Central African Republic
.cg	Congo
.ch	Switzerland
.cl	Chile
.cm	Cameroon
.cn	China
.co	Colombia
.com	Commercial
.cr	Costa Rica
.cs	Czechoslovakia
.cu	Cuba
.cv	Cape Verde
.cx	Christmas Islands
.cy	Cyprus
.cz	Czech Republic
.de	Germany
.dj	Djibouti
.dk	Denmark
.dm	Dominica
.do	Dominican Republic
.dz	Algeria
.ec	Ecuador
.edu	Education
.ee	Estonia
.eg	Egypt
.eh	Western Sahara
.er	Eritrea
.es	Spain
.et	Etiopia
.fi	Finland
.fj	Fiji
.fk	Falkland Islands
.fm	Micronesia
.fo	Faroe Islands (Denmark)
.fr	France
.fx	France
.ga	Gabon
.gb	Great Britain
.gd	Grenada
.ge	Georgia
.gf	French Guiana
.gh	Ghana
.gi	Gibraltar (U.K.)
.gl	Greenland (Denmark)
.gm	Gambia
.gn	Guinea
.gov	Government
.gp	Guadeloupe (France)
.gq	Equatorial Guinea
.gr	Greece
.gs	South-Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
.gt	Guatemala
.gu	Guam (U.S.)
.gw	Guinea Bissau
.gy	Guyana
.hk	Hong Kong (Hisiangkang, Xianggang)
.hm	Heard & McDonald Islands
.hn	Honduras
.hr	Croatia / Hrvatska
.ht	Haiti
.hu	Hungary
.id	Indonesia
.ie	Ireland
.il	Israel
.in	India
.int	International
.io	British Indian Ocean Territory
.iq	Iraq
.ir	Iran
.is	Iceland
.it	Italian
.jm	Jamaica
.jo	Jordan
.jp	Japan
.ke	Kenya
.kg	Kyrgyz Republic
.kh	Cambodia
.km	Comoros
.kp	North-Korea
.kr	South-Korea
.kw	Kuwait
.ky	Cayman Islands (U.K.)
.kz	Kazakhstan
.la	Laos
.lb	Lebanon
.lc	Saint Lucia
.li	Principality of Liechtenstein
.lk	Sri Lanka
.lr	Liberia
.ls	Lesotho
.lt	Lithuania
.lu	Luxemburg
.lv	Latvia
.ly	Libya
.ma	Marocco
.mc	Monaco
.md	Moldova
.mg	Madagascar
.mh	Marshall Islands
.mil	Military
.mk	Macedonia
.ml	Mali
.mm	Myanmar
.mn	Mongolia
.mo	Macau (Ao-me’n)
.mt	Malta
.mu	Mauritius
.mx	Mexico
.my	Malaysia
.mz	Mozambique
.na	Namibia
.nc	New Caledonia
.ne	Niger
.net	Network
.nf	Norfolk Island
.ng	Nigeria
.ni	Nicaragua
.nl	Netherlands
.no	Norway
.np	Nepal
.nu	Niue
.nz	New Zealand
.om	Oman
.org	Organization
.pa	Panama
.pe	Peru
.pf	Polynesia
.pg	Papua New Guinea
.ph	Philippines
.pk	Pakistan
.pl	Poland
.pm	St. Pierre & Miguelon
.pn	Pitcairn
.pr	Puerto Rico (USA)
.pt	Portuguese Republic
.pw	Palau
.py	Paraguay
.qa	Qatar
.re	Reunion (France)
.ro	Romainia
.ru	Russia
.rw	Rwanda
.sa	Saudi Arabia
.sb	Solomon Islands
.sc	Seychelles
.sd	Sudan
.se	Sweden
.sg	Singapore
.sh	St. Helena
.si	Slovenia
.sj	Svalbard & Jan Mayen Islands
.sk	Slovakia
.sl	Sierra Leone
.sm	San Marino
.sn	Senegal
.so	Somalia
.sr	Suriname
.st	St. Tome & Principe
.su	Soviet Union
.sv	El Salvador
.sy	Syria
.sz	Swaziland
.tc	Turks & Caicos Islands
.td	Chad
.tf	France Southern Terr.
.tg	Togo
.th	Thailand
.tj	Tadjikistan
.tk	Tokelau
.tm	Turkmenistan
.tn	Tunisia
.to	Tonga
.tp	East Timor
.tr	Turkey
.tt	Trinidad & Tobago
.tv	Tuvalu
.tw	Taiwan
.tz	Tanzania
.ua	Ukraine
.ug	Uganda
.uk	United Kingdom of Great Britain
.um	US Minor outlying Islands
.us	United States of America
.uy	Uruguay
.uz	Uzbekistan
.va	The Vatican City
.ve	Venezuela
.vg	Virgin Islands (British)
.vi	Virgin Islands (U.S.)
.vn	Vietnam
.vu	Vanuatu
.yu	Yugoslavia
.za	South Africa
.zm	Zambia
.zr	Zaire
.zw	Zimbabwe

Er Ratnesh Porwal

Software Engineer

On Line Assistence :

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Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the visibility of a website or a web page in a search engine's "natural," or un-paid ("organic" or "algorithmic"), search results. In general, the earlier (or higher ranked on the search results page), and more frequently a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine's users. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, video search, academic search,news search and industry-specific vertical search engines.

As an Internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience. Optimizing a website may involve editing its content and HTML and associated coding to both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines. Promoting a site to increase the number of backlinks, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic.

The acronym "SEOs" can refer to "search engine optimizers," a term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in-house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand-alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. Because effective SEO may require changes to the HTML source code of a site and site content, SEO tactics may be incorporated into website development and design. The term "search engine friendly" may be used to describe website designs, menus, content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engine exposure.

The effectiveness of SEO may be measured by the position of a web site on a Search Engine Results Page (SERP) when searching for a certain keyword, or by web analytics Key Performance Indexes (KPIs)

How Search Engines Work

The first basic truth you need to know to learn SEO is that search engines are not humans. While this might be obvious for everybody, the differences between how humans and search engines view web pages aren't. Unlike humans, search engines are text-driven. Although technology advances rapidly, search engines are far from intelligent creatures that can feel the beauty of a cool design or enjoy the sounds and movement in movies. Instead, search engines crawl the Web, looking at particular site items (mainly text) to get an idea what a site is about. This brief explanation is not the most precise because as we will see next, search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results –crawling, indexing, processing, calculating relevancy, and retrieving.

First, search engines crawl the Web to see what is there. This task is performed by a piece of software, called a crawler or a spider (or Googlebot, as is the case with Google). Spiders follow links from one page to another and index everything they find on their way. Having in mind the number of pages on the Web (over 20 billion), it is impossible for a spider to visit a site daily just to see if a new page has appeared or if an existing page has been modified, sometimes crawlers may not end up visiting your site for a month or two.

What you can do is to check what a crawler sees from your site. As already mentioned, crawlers are not humans and they do not see images, Flash movies, JavaScript, frames, password-protected pages and directories, so if you have tons of these on your site, you'd better run the Spider Simulator below to see if these goodies are viewable by the spider. If they are not viewable, they will not be spidered, not indexed, not processed, etc. - in a word they will be non-existent for search engines.