62. Basics of JavaScript

Javascript is a scripting language that will allow you to add real programming to your webpages.

You can create small application type processes with javascript, like a calculator or a primitive game of some sort.

However, there are more serious uses for javascript:

• Browser Detection
  Detecting the browser used by a visitor at your page. Depending on the browser, another page specifically designed for that browser can then be loaded.


• Cookies 
  Storing information on the visitor's computer, then retrieving this information automatically next time the user visits your page. This technique is called "cookies".


• Control Browsers
  Opening pages in customized windows, where you specify if the browser's buttons, menu line, status line or whatever should be present.


• Validate Forms 
  Validating inputs to fields before submitting a form.
  An example would be validating the entered email address to see if it has an @ in it, since if not, it's not a valid address.

JavaScript is an scripting language that is primarily used for creating interactive features on webpages. It can be used to create menus, validate forms, swap images, or just about anything else you can think of to do on a webpage. If you have ever taken a look at Google Maps or Google's GMail service, you have an idea of what JavaScript is capable of today.

Since JavaScript is currently the only scripting language supported by every major web browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Netscape, Safari, Opera, Camino, etc), it is very widely used. When code is rendered by your web browser, like JavaScript usually is, it is called a Client-Side script. JavaScript can also be run on a web server to generate HTML documents, thus running as a Server-Side script. Although its use is usually limited to client-side scripts, JavaScript can be a very powerful server language as well.

If you are going to be writing JavaScript code, all you really need is a text editor and a web browser. Knowledge of HTML and CSS will definitely help, and if you want to use your JavaScript skills on a website, you are going to also need your own website. If you already have your own website, great! If not, there are plenty of free servers available that you can choose from to host your pages.

As for a text-editor, if you are using Windows than you should already have NotePad installed. Although this will work for editing JavaScript, HTML and CSS, a more robust editor would be a good idea. My personal favorite is EditPlus, which has a free trial period of 30 days, but you can use it indefinitely if you are willing to put up with its nag screen. If you like EditPlus however, and you continue to use it, you should register it.

Er Ratnesh Porwal
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